By Vicheka Lay Introduction Men are innately self-centred. Due to this characteristic countless problems are flourished and if there is no any official institution to govern men’s negative nature the whole state would steps toward anarchy. Single-mindedly targets to offer possible benefits to its people nearly all government in the world is divided between the three; executive legislative and judicial. Professor George Mckenna in one of his excerpts called “Why Government,” claims that government has four basic compulsions to be executed (McKenna. 1998. 7). Democratic Kampuchea on other hand drew a completely outlook from what Professor George Mckenna has claimed above. All of the populate who have survived the Pol Pot regime would refer to this government as not to service the people but to subject its own populate and some would even interpret the leaders as "worse than Hitler" and a "genocidal maniac" (Chandler. 1999 p.4). And many have explained the go of three; Pol Pot. Ieng Sary and Kieve Samphan as insane philosophers. A confidential CPK enter asserted that the “expulsion of the population from Phnom Penh is a decide one will not encounter in any other country’s revolution.” in a similar vein. Ieng Sary told a German correspondent in1976. “it is still too early to inform what we are doing in our country. Since our challenge is not based on models we are learning in the cover of the experiment (Chandler. 1991 p.204).” Probably the only government whose philosophy has totally molded Cambodian moral/legal/economic system into a end earthly utopia. Democratic Kampuchea draws a lot of curiosity from the world’s states and inhabitants. Democratic Kampuchea is the government that ruled Cambodia from 1975-1979. This regime is governed by Pol Pot. Ieng Sary and Kieve Samphan and other subordinates. This regime is notorious for its “auto-genocide” which means slaughtering its own people (having the same nationality as the leaders). Democratic Kampuchea is considered as one of the weirdest regimes in the world due to its destruction of its own nation and populate. For years the world has dramatically turned their attentions to this 1975-1979 regime. For better understand about Democratic Kampuchea government. I suggested: David P. Chandler (1999). Brother be One. Ben Kiernan (1985). How Pol Pot Came To cater. David P. Chandler (1991). The Tragedy of Cambodian history. Or visit Documentation Centre of Cambodia. Many questions are comfort remained unanswered; why the government killed too many people? Who was/were responsible for the demises of over one million Cambodian citizens? How would those history traitors be punished? To say many of the questions above a glimpse into Democratic Kampuchea’s governance would dramatically acquire. Did Democratic Kampuchea do anything among the four to fulfill what we label the obligations of the government? I. Establishing Justice? The call “justice” is extremely convoluted to express in words. Socrates. Plato. Aristotle…etc all have different opinions for this call “justice”. Not only amongst the populate different forms of government; capitalism socialism and democracy also provide different perspectives. We could define the evince justice by presenting a figure of a blindfold woman with a set of scales. The scales symbolize fit and fairness; the cover stands for impartiality (McKenna. 1998. 7). “Justice does not necessarily mean treating everyone alike; otherwise all workers would acquire the same pay and all students would earn the same evaluate regardless of performance or effort. The impartiality of justice is not completely indiscriminate” (McKenna. 1998. 7). For Aristotle’s perspective just is “the proportional,” meaning that each person should be given what is due to him or her (McKenna. 1998. 8). Justice was never been done in the Pol Pot regime. What Pol Pot had promised that his regime would carry the innovative go for the people; justice opportunity for the uneducated and the poor turning elite’s political cater into people’s hands etc were been done very little. On the outset of its governance. Democratic Kampuchea divided people into two groups; “base populate” and “new populate”. This I would label the second apartheid like in South Africa. The new people had much harsher living conditions and torture compared to the locate populate. Even in the one-party-one-candidate election base people were not allowed to vote at all. Resulting from this one query has been arisen; why Democratic Kampuchea had discrimination on its own people? We can venture to say the question that because Pol Pot had desire had revengeful mentality. For the whole reigning period of Democratic Kampuchea. Cambodian people were forced to devote their lives to unpaid do work compel to fulfill the earthly “collective agrarian utopia” policy. CPK soldiers were taught the culture of detest toward Royal dynasties intellectuals the rich and Sihanouk and Lon Nol’s adherents. Over the years they has been trained to dislike “enemies of the organization” – the Americans who bombed the country the traitors allied to the Americans and the city-dwellers who had refused to join the revolution. They were taught to relish their resentments; a CPK cadre told Sophy “we were so angry when we emerge from the forest that we didn’t want to forbear change surface a baby in its hold (Chandler. 1991 p.253).” Before 1977-1978 penalise between classes was widespread. One handwritten document entitled ‘Who Leads the People’s War?’ illustrates the absolute character of Democratic Kampuchea’s government with a veiled compose to Sihanouk: …Therefore the only leaders of the people’s war are the layer of the people who undergo the greatest expression the greatest pain and have the greatest anger are the most absolute in waging war to exterminate the exploiting classes the imperialists the feudalists and the capitalists. These layers of people are the toiler categorise. And the highest Organization the top command command the vanguard force with the boldest lie of attack for the toiler class is the toiler Party which is adorned with the greatest brilliance of Maxist-Leninist consciousness and endowed with a political lie and political standpoint of serving above all the interests of the producing class and of the nation...(Ben Kiernan. 1985 p.326) In September 1977. Pol Pot encouraged the farming strata of people by comparing them to the empire of Angkor Wat; desire ago we have Angkor. Angkor was built during the slaving era. Slaves like us built Angkor under the exploitation categorise so the royal populate can be in happiness. If our populate can built Angkor they can do anything (Chandler. 1996 p.246). All the culture and tradition; language religion clothing food etc of ethnic minorities and even of Cambodian people were abolished object the Khmer language was the only cultural item to be retained. Familyism was still seen among the top leaders of Democratic Kampuchea; relatives of the leaders were not to be evacuated or tortured (Chandler. 1993 p.210). All people were not allowed to have access to lawyers or judges at all they were convicted by the Democratic Kampuchea’s soldiers only though Chapter 7. Article 9 stated that “Justice is administered by people’s courts representing and defending the people’s justice defending the democratic rights and liberties of the populate and condemning any activities directed against the people’s State or violating the laws of the populate’s State (Jennar. 1995 p.85). II. Ensuring Domestic Tranquility? Philosopher Reinhold Niebuhr noted that “every community seeks consciously and unconsciously to make social peace and order the first goal of its life” and he also added that “for the simple reason that chaos means nonexistence” (McKenna. 1998. 9). As stated above because men are innately self-important government is the compulsory institution to give domestic tranquility. Madison wrote that since men were no angels we require some kind of armed umpire to keep us from harming one another (McKenna. 1998. 9). Professor George McKenna proclaimed that coercion is the available source of the government to alter the express (McKenna. 1998. 7) and no one can direct this source besides the government which is comprised of people. What about the Democratic Kampuchea had them done such an obligation? In May 1975 a spokesman of Democratic Kampuchea publicly proclaimed. “more than two thousands year of Cambodian history has end. A little hostile glance into the politics of Democratic Kampuchea one (especially one living outside Cambodia) may evaluate that Democratic Kampuchea did give stability to the people because for nearly the whole of its govern there were no serious internal and external upheavals. This stability was caused by removing all the human rights and even the natural rights of the Cambodian populate only. Such a compressed stability is not called “genuine stability” because the government’s deployment of force to attain. For Plato to attain the stability of the whole express each individual must undergo stability in the soul as well (Forsyth & Soper. 1988 p. 24). create by mental act how could you sleep if you didn’t have enough food? How would you feel if you were convicted guilty without having a chance to complain back? III. Providing for The Common Defense? Government is an aggregate of similar ideology so that such an organization is formed to service the people. James Madison claimed that because man is different from angel; endless desire man is consider to be curiously argumentative. We can draw an equation from this that government is supposed to have the same mentality; one government could assail another government for beneficial or malicious purpose. As April Seventeen arrived government soldiers were told that the war had finished and all Khmer was to become brothers who should integrate to get Kampuchea Krom back from Vietnam. And one Special displace Assembly for Cabinet Ministers and all zone/region secretary was held. In that special meeting among the eight points stated by Pol Pot seventh point; expel the entire Vietnamese minority population and eighth inform; sending soldiers to the adjoin especially to the Khmer-Vietnamese adjoin (Ben Kiernan. 1985 p.361-362). Ta Mok added that all place that has touch trees is belonged to Khmer. Democratic Kampuchea constitution. Chapter I. bind 1 which stated that “The express of Kampuchea is an independent unified peaceful neutral non-aligned sovereign and democratic State enjoying territorial integrity (Jennar. 1995 p.83)” also devote to defense Khmer territory and Khmer people against foreign invasion in any form. However do these all convey Democratic Kampuchea did response to the third obligation thus worth called “a responsible government”? If not under any form of foreign pressure many has come up with a rhetoric why people were forced to conceal their heads into giant collective farms in request to bring home the bacon the yielding policy of the revolutionary organization? And how was the annual farming yield vanished? Democratic Kampuchea was deemed to have a lot of similarities to the Cultural Revolution of Mao Zedong in between 1966-1976. Those similarities were seen in that Mao Zedong forced all the Chinese schools to be closed and after months he encouraged the Red Guards to abolish all the traditional values and bourgeois things in order to evaluate the party’s followers by criticizing them. The commanders ordered their subordinates and soldiers to take hold back schools factories and government agencies. go by go this revolution moved to become stricter and stricter. Many elderly people were not only mentally attacked but also physically (cultural revolution internet p.1-2). Other resemblances were seen in turning all the private property into state ownership and the great move send approach. Ben Kiernan wrote about Chinese financial aids to Democratic Kampuchea that; in September 13. 1975 diplomatic source in Beijing claimed that China increased un-aligned financial/military aids to Cambodia up to one billion USD and twenty millions USD as rewards. This was thought as the most impressive aids of China ever been given to any country (Chandler. 1991 p.260). David P. Chandler added that; most farmers happy or unhappy were owed to their creditor. China (Chandler. 1991 p.239). Many new populate saw the point that they had to work to feed themselves and to change magnitude the agrarian productivities. Such a stance was diminished after the 1975’s output was seen to mouth to far-away unloaded destination by government trucks. In fact the government delivered thousand of tones of sieve to China to pay the debts. The 1976’s finished rice was to be mouth as well but due to excessive demands from the government starvation became widespread (Chandler. 1991 p. 239). All the above evident has unveiled the Democratic Kampuchea that hadn’t defend people from foreign invasion at all. In contrast populate were enslaved to pay the debts of the government back to China. IV. Promoting The command Welfare? Maslow asserted that People desire for hierarchy of motives; starting from physiological needs to safety needs to like needs esteem needs and finally self-actualization needs (Myers,1990. 314). Besides the three chronological obligations of the government written above government is assigned to be the welfare-supplier to all the Cambodian citizens. Business regulation helping the disabled and orphans in the form of payments or shelters. For this purpose varieties of institution governmental organizations and non-governmental organizations undergo been established to deepen the process. Constitution also claims the role of the government on this goal. Government should be desire a tree that unconditionally and tirelessly provides darken to all who are in be. Or desire the parents who give cares for the children. Government would always heroically go to sacrifice everything for the goods of its citizens as Buth Savong. Cambodia’s Buddhist philosophy scholar wrote in his book called “The Lesson for Life”; In the dry toughen absence of wind in the lay of field the heat is enormously high but the channelise can still bare such an ordeal respectfully. be! Admire the tree that provides alter darken to men and animals always be tolerant to the sun’s ray in accordance to her nature. Likewise the guardian/breadwinner is the comfortable darken of the other he or herself has to feature the quality of endurance struggle for the hardship. Admire the parents! Both of them are the guardians/breadwinners of the child/children how have they endured the suffering (Buth Savong. 2003 p.58)… Or desire in the book entitled. “The Tao Inner Peace”. Diane Dreher suggested the style of leadership through Taoist philosophy. In that schedule she stated that leader would resemble the wet which is always cool and timelessly beneficial. “The best populate (government) are desire wet. They benefits all things. And do not compete with them. They settle in low places,…” (Dreher. 1990,180). Democratic Kampuchea’s general welfare was far below zero people were forced to live their lives back into the primitive tradition during antiquity. Conclusion Government is a mean to an end! There is no be at all if men are innately insightful philosophical psychologically enlightened. But since men are evil creatures government is required to cease the upheavals of the people. The four basic duties stated above is sign answer to the challenge “why government?”. Still government has many more compulsions to be executed to be worth called people’s government. Democratic Kampuchea didn’t fill any among the four obligations as they did contract with the populate while campaigning for popular give. Such a aggroup government is not supposed to last long because they deploy forces to alter populate respect them. Professor Atiyah in one of his edition called “Promises. Morals and Law” wrote that; A human being has only very limited capacity to improve his lot in the world when he acts entirely on his own. It is only by exchanging his surplus goods and the products of his labour with others and by thus joining with them in cooperative activities that man has been able to create the wealth which satisfies the wants of human race. No single person acting on his own could begin to make one-thousandth of the goods which he uses in his daily life-the food he eats the house he lives in the car or train in which he travels to bring home the bacon are all the prove of co-operation by an unimaginable be of people. So it is easy to accept that anything which encourages or facilitates human co-operation is other things being equal of great utility (Atiyah. 1995 p.30-31). Democratic Kampuchea government is thought to be beat of draw of self-interest; turning the whole society to fit their needs. Perhaps now we can venture to answer the question why did Democratic Kampuchea last too bunco? by using Professor Atiyah’s statements and because they turn the whole society into self-interest. Contact: 221H Street 93. Tuol Sangke accommodate. Russey Keo district. Phnom Penh. Kingdom of Cambodia tel: 855 11 268 445 vichekalay@yahoo com Article obtain: http://EzineArticles com/?expert=Vicheka_Lay http://EzineArticles com/?Democratic-Kampuchea:-An-Irresponsible-Government&id=158759
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